Immunotherapy for prostate cancer: Treatments for the “lethal” phenotype Review
| Author: | Slovin, S. F. |
| Review Title: | Immunotherapy for prostate cancer: Treatments for the “lethal” phenotype |
| Abstract: | Multiple immunologic platforms have provided minimal impact in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, necessitating that novel approaches continue to be developed. Although checkpoint inhibitors have been largely ineffective, there remain small cohorts of patients who have durable responses but lack the conventional indicators for response to this class of drugs, that is, high mutational burden or significant genomic alterations, as seen in other solid tumors. This article presents an update on the evolution of immunotherapeutics that target a more lethal form of prostate cancer and provides the groundwork for future considerations as to how this field should proceed. © 2020 Elsevier Inc. |
| Keywords: | cancer survival; treatment outcome; aged; middle aged; survival analysis; unclassified drug; gene mutation; genetics; review; nonhuman; cancer staging; neoplasm staging; tumor associated leukocyte; biological marker; prostate specific antigen; phenotype; ipilimumab; cancer immunotherapy; cell infiltration; granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor; drug effect; pathology; immunoregulation; prostate cancer; gene expression regulation; gene expression regulation, neoplastic; cancer regression; immunotherapy; cancer vaccine; cancer vaccines; genomics; androgen receptor; neoplasm invasiveness; cancer classification; cyclin-dependent kinases; cyclin dependent kinase; androgen deprivation therapy; antigen presenting cell; immunocompetent cell; biological product; biological products; vaccines; neuroendocrine carcinoma; small cell carcinoma; personalized medicine; castration resistant prostate cancer; programmed death 1 ligand 1; programmed death 1 receptor; tumor microenvironment; abiraterone; tumor invasion; procedures; sipuleucel t; enzalutamide; nivolumab; humans; prognosis; human; male; priority journal; precision medicine; prostatic neoplasms, castration-resistant; cdk12; metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer; pembrolizumab; neuroendocrine prostate cancer; checkpoint inhibitors; cdk12 protein; cdk12 protein, human |
| Journal Title: | Urologic Clinics of North America |
| Volume: | 47 |
| Issue: | 4 |
| ISSN: | 0094-0143 |
| Publisher: | W.B. Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc. |
| Date Published: | 2020-11-01 |
| Start Page: | 469 |
| End Page: | 474 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ucl.2020.07.007 |
| PUBMED: | 33008497 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC8796648 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Review -- Export Date: 2 November 2020 -- Source: Scopus |
