PARaDIM: A PHITS-based Monte Carlo tool for internal dosimetry with tetrahedral mesh computational phantoms Journal Article
| Authors: | Carter, L. M.; Crawford, T. M.; Sato, T.; Furuta, T.; Choi, C.; Kim, C. H.; Brown, J. L.; Bolch, W. E.; Zanzonico, P. B.; Lewis, J. S. |
| Article Title: | PARaDIM: A PHITS-based Monte Carlo tool for internal dosimetry with tetrahedral mesh computational phantoms |
| Abstract: | Mesh-type and voxel-based computational phantoms comprise the current state of the art for internal dose assessment via Monte Carlo simulations but excel in different aspects, with mesh-type phantoms offering advantages over their voxel counterparts in terms of their flexibility and realistic representation of detailed patient- or subjectspecific anatomy. We have developed PARaDIM (pronounced "paradigm": Particle and Heavy Ion Transport Code System-Based Application for Radionuclide Dosimetry in Meshes), a freeware application for implementing tetrahedral mesh-type phantoms in absorbed dose calculations. It considers all medically relevant radionuclides, including α, β, γ, positron, and Auger/conversion electron emitters, and handles calculation of mean dose to individual regions, as well as 3-dimensional dose distributions for visualization and analysis in a variety of medical imaging software. This work describes the development of PARaDIM, documents the measures taken to test and validate its performance, and presents examples of its uses. Methods: Human, small-animal, and cell-level dose calculations were performed with PARaDIM and the results compared with those of widely accepted dosimetry programs and literature data. Several tetrahedral phantoms were developed or adapted using computer-aided modeling techniques for these comparisons. Results: For human dose calculations, agreement of PARaDIM with OLINDA 2.0 was good - within 10%-20% for most organs - despite geometric differences among the phantoms tested. Agreement with MIRDcell for cell-level S value calculations was within 5% in most cases. Conclusion: PARaDIM extends the use of Monte Carlo dose calculations to the broader community in nuclear medicine by providing a user-friendly graphical user interface for calculation setup and execution. PARaDIM leverages the enhanced anatomic realism provided by advanced computational reference phantoms or bespoke image-derived phantoms to enable improved assessments of radiation doses in a variety of radiopharmaceutical use cases, research, and preclinical development. PARaDIM can be downloaded freely at www.paradim-dose.org. COPYRIGHT © 2019 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. |
| Keywords: | adult; controlled study; human tissue; nonhuman; comparative study; positron emission tomography; mouse; animal experiment; validation study; dosimetry; three dimensional imaging; phantom; fluorine 18; radiation dose distribution; mathematical computing; data analysis software; performance; monte carlo method; positron; image segmentation; voxel based morphometry; radiation absorption; human; male; female; priority journal; article; paradim; phits; tetrahedral mesh; paradim software |
| Journal Title: | Journal of Nuclear Medicine |
| Volume: | 60 |
| Issue: | 12 |
| ISSN: | 0161-5505 |
| Publisher: | Society of Nuclear Medicine |
| Date Published: | 2019-12-01 |
| Start Page: | 1802 |
| End Page: | 1811 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.2967/jnumed.119.229013 |
| PUBMED: | 31201251 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC6894378 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Article -- Source: Scopus |
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