Menacing mold: Recent advances in Aspergillus pathogenesis and host defense Review
| Authors: | Tischler, B. Y.; Hohl, T. M. |
| Review Title: | Menacing mold: Recent advances in Aspergillus pathogenesis and host defense |
| Abstract: | The genus Aspergillus is ubiquitous in the environment and contains a number of species, primarily A. fumigatus, that cause mold-associated disease in humans. Humans inhale several hundred to several thousand Aspergillus conidia (i.e., vegetative spores) daily and typically clear these in an asymptomatic manner. In immunocompromised individuals, Aspergillus conidia can germinate into tissue-invasive hyphae, disseminate, and cause invasive aspergillosis. In this review, we first discuss novel concepts in host defense against Aspergillus infections and emphasize new insights in fungal recognition and signaling, innate immune activation, and fungal killing. Second, the review focuses on novel concepts of Aspergillus pathogenesis and highlights emerging knowledge regarding fungal strain heterogeneity, stress responses, and metabolic adaptations on infectious outcomes. Mechanistic insight into the host–pathogen interplay is thus critical to define novel druggable fungal targets and to exploit novel immune-based strategies to improve clinical outcomes associated with aspergillosis in vulnerable patient populations. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd |
| Keywords: | pathogenesis; review; nonhuman; innate immunity; immune deficiency; host resistance; infection risk; aspergillus; aspergillus fumigatus; conidium; fungus spore; lung aspergillosis; fungus growth; host pathogen interaction; immunocompromised patient; invasive aspergillosis; fungal strain; immune evasion; clinical outcome; fungal metabolism; fungal virulence; host defense; bruton tyrosine kinase; aspergillus flavus; aspergillus niger; aspergillus terreus; mycology; fungicidal activity; ibrutinib; human; priority journal; aspergillus nidulans; fungal phenomena and functions |
| Journal Title: | Journal of Molecular Biology |
| Volume: | 431 |
| Issue: | 21 |
| ISSN: | 0022-2836 |
| Publisher: | Academic Press Inc., Elsevier Science |
| Date Published: | 2019-10-04 |
| Start Page: | 4229 |
| End Page: | 4246 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.03.027 |
| PUBMED: | 30954573 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PMCID: | PMC6776734 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Source: Scopus |
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