Induction of immune response against NY-ESO-1 by CHP-NY-ESO-1 vaccination and immune regulation in a melanoma patient Journal Article
| Authors: | Tsuji, K.; Hamada, T.; Uenaka, A.; Wada, H.; Sato, E.; Isobe, M.; Asagoe, K.; Yamasaki, O.; Shiku, H.; Ritter, G.; Murphy, R.; Hoffman, E. W.; Old, L. J.; Nakayama, E.; Iwatsuki, K. |
| Article Title: | Induction of immune response against NY-ESO-1 by CHP-NY-ESO-1 vaccination and immune regulation in a melanoma patient |
| Abstract: | Background: NY-ESO-1 is a cancer/testis antigen highly immunogenic in cancer patients. Cholesterol-bearing hydrophobized pullulan (CHP) is a nanoparticle-forming antigen-delivery vehicle and CHP complexed with NY-ESO-1 protein (CHP-NY-ESO-1) efficiently activates CD4 and CD8 T cells in vitro. Aim: In this study we report on a 50-year-old male melanoma patient with multiple skin and organ metastases (T4N3M1c) who was vaccinated with CHP-NY-ESO-1 at biweekly intervals and who had an unusual disease course. We characterized in this patient humoral and cellular immune responses, immune regulatory cells, and cytokine profiles in the peripheral blood and at local tumor sites. Results: Ten days after the second CHP-NY-ESO-1 vaccination (day 25), blisters appeared on the skin at the metastatic lesions associated with inflammatory changes. A skin biopsy showed the presence of many NY-ESO-1-expressing apoptotic melanoma cells as determined by a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) test. However, the tumors continued to grow, and the patient died of pulmonary failure due to multiple metastases on day 48. Serum antibody responses were detected after the second CHP-NY-ESO-1 vaccination and antibody titer increased with subsequent vaccinations. Th1 dependent IgG1 was the predominant immunoglobulin subtype. Both, NY-ESO-1-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses were detected in PBMC by IFN-γ secretion assays. After CHP-NY-ESO-1 vaccination a slight decrease in CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs was observed in PBMC but significantly increased numbers of CD4+CD25+Foxp3 + Tregs and CD68+ immunoregulatory macrophages were detected at the local tumor sites. CD4+CD25+Foxp3 + Tregs were also increased in the blister fluid. Cytokines in the serum suggested a polarization towards a Th1 pattern in the PBMC and those in the blister fluid suggested a Th2-type response at the tumor site. Conclusions: Our observations indicate induction of specific humoral and cellular immune responses against NY-ESO-1 after CHP-NY-ESO-1 vaccination in a melanoma patient. The concomitant appearance of regulatory T cells and of immune regulatory macrophages and cytokines at the local tumor sites in this patient may explain immune escape. © 2008 Springer-Verlag. |
| Keywords: | human tissue; protein expression; unclassified drug; human cell; disease course; case report; transcription factor foxp3; cd8+ t lymphocyte; cd8-positive t-lymphocytes; protein blood level; tumor localization; melanoma; metastasis; apoptosis; skin biopsy; skin neoplasms; membrane proteins; immunoregulation; fluorescent antibody technique; blood; cd4+ cd25+ t lymphocyte; regulatory t lymphocyte; th2 cell; lymphocyte activation; cytokines; cellular immunity; immune response; antigens, neoplasm; gamma interferon; immunoglobulin g; cancer vaccine; cancer vaccines; ny eso 1 antigen; antibody response; cancer immunization; cd4+ t lymphocyte; cd4-positive t-lymphocytes; melanoma cell; tumor immunity; t-lymphocyte subsets; th1 cell; immunoglobulin g1; tumor growth; macrophages; cytokine release; antibody detection; nick end labeling; humoral immunity; antibodies, neoplasm; skin metastasis; lymphocyte count; peripheral blood mononuclear cell; antibody titer; chlordane; in situ nick-end labeling; antibody blood level; lung insufficiency; a complex of cholesterol-bearing hydrophobized pullulan (chp) and ny-eso-1 protein; cholesterol bearing hydrophobized pullulan ny eso 1; glucans |
| Journal Title: | Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy |
| Volume: | 57 |
| Issue: | 10 |
| ISSN: | 0340-7004 |
| Publisher: | Springer |
| Date Published: | 2008-10-01 |
| Start Page: | 1429 |
| End Page: | 1437 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00262-008-0478-5 |
| PUBMED: | 18311489 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | --- - "Cited By (since 1996): 8" - "Export Date: 17 November 2011" - "CODEN: CIIMD" - "Source: Scopus" |
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