Internal mammary node status: A major prognosticator in axillary node-negative breast cancer Journal Article
| Authors: | Cody, H. S. 3rd; Urban, J. A. |
| Article Title: | Internal mammary node status: A major prognosticator in axillary node-negative breast cancer |
| Abstract: | Background: The internal mammary lymph nodes (IMN) have received little attention in recent years, yet are a well-documented site of metastasis and a major prognostic factor in early-stage breast cancer. Methods/Results: Ten-year follow-up of the final 195 patients treated by extended radical mastectomy (ERM) in this practice (selected largely on the basis of medial tumor location, and comprising 15% of all patients treated from 1965 to 1978) found IMN + in 24% of all cases: 36% of AX + versus 18% of AX -patients (p=0.0023). In a multivariate analysis, the disease-free survival impact of IMN + (p=0.004) was second only to axillary node involvement (p<0.0005), and surpassed tumor size (p=0.077). IMN + was equally frequent for tumors less than, or greater than, 2 cm (24%), and was not significantly related to patient age. Among AX - patients, there was a twofold greater risk of recurrence or death at 10 years for IMN + than for IMN -. Among T1N0 patients, 19.6% were IMN +. Conclusions: Failure to consider IMN status in the steadily enlarging cohort of T1N0 breast cancers may result in the undertreatment of a significant proportion of stage I patients. Systemic adjuvant therapy should be considered for T1N0 patients with central or medial tumors. © 1995 The Society of Surgical Oncology, Inc. |
| Keywords: | survival; adult; aged; disease-free survival; multimodality cancer therapy; combined modality therapy; cancer staging; follow up; follow-up studies; lymph node metastasis; lymph nodes; lymphatic metastasis; neoplasm staging; metastasis; cohort studies; neoplasm recurrence, local; breast cancer; breast; mastectomy; cohort analysis; risk factors; age factors; pathology; breast neoplasms; risk factor; age; cause of death; tumor recurrence; breast tumor; lymph node; breast carcinoma; lung carcinoma; multivariate analysis; axilla; carcinoma, lobular; middle age; prognosis; human; female; article; carcinoma, infiltrating duct; metastasis, internal mammary and axillary; mastectomy, extended radical |
| Journal Title: | Annals of Surgical Oncology |
| Volume: | 2 |
| Issue: | 1 |
| ISSN: | 1068-9265 |
| Publisher: | Springer |
| Date Published: | 1995-01-01 |
| Start Page: | 32 |
| End Page: | 37 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1007/bf02303699 |
| PUBMED: | 7834452 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Article -- Export Date: 28 August 2018 -- Source: Scopus |
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