Pre-existing immunity to oncolytic virus potentiates its immunotherapeutic efficacy Journal Article
| Authors: | Ricca, J. M.; Oseledchyk, A.; Walther, T.; Liu, C.; Mangarin, L.; Merghoub, T.; Wolchok, J. D.; Zamarin, D. |
| Article Title: | Pre-existing immunity to oncolytic virus potentiates its immunotherapeutic efficacy |
| Abstract: | Anti-viral immunity presents a major hurdle for systemically administered oncolytic viruses (OV). Intratumoral OV therapy has a potential to overcome this problem through activation of anti-tumor immune response, with local and abscopal effects. However, the effects of anti-viral immunity in such a setting are still not well defined. Using Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) as a model, we explore the effects of pre-existing anti-viral immunity on therapeutic efficacy in syngeneic mouse tumor models. Unexpectedly, we find that while pre-existing immunity to NDV limits its replication in tumors, tumor clearance, abscopal anti-tumor immune effects, and survival are not compromised and, on the contrary, are superior in NDV-immunized mice. These findings demonstrate that pre-existing immunity to NDV may increase its therapeutic efficacy through potentiation of systemic anti-tumor immunity, which provides clinical rationale for repeated therapeutic dosing and prompts investigation of such effects with other OVs. Pre-existing anti-viral immunity presents a challenge for systemically administered oncolytic viruses, but its effects on the intratumoral oncolytic immunotherapy are not well defined. Ricca and colleagues find that pre-existing immunity to intratumoral oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus does not reduce, but rather potentiates its therapeutic efficacy through enhanced anti-tumor immune response. © 2018 The Author(s) |
| Keywords: | cancer immunotherapy; oncolytic virus; newcastle disease virus; ndv; tumor immunology; immuno-oncology; pre-existing immunity |
| Journal Title: | Molecular Therapy |
| Volume: | 26 |
| Issue: | 4 |
| ISSN: | 1525-0016 |
| Publisher: | Nature Publishing Group |
| Date Published: | 2018-04-04 |
| Start Page: | 1008 |
| End Page: | 1019 |
| Language: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.01.019 |
| PROVIDER: | scopus |
| PUBMED: | 29478729 |
| PMCID: | PMC6079372 |
| DOI/URL: | |
| Notes: | Article -- Export Date: 1 May 2018 -- Source: Scopus |
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