Prognostic utility of differential tissue characterization of cardiac neoplasm and thrombus via late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance among patients with advanced systemic cancer Journal Article


Authors: Chan, A. T.; Plodkowski, A. J.; Pun, S. C.; Lakhman, Y.; Halpenny, D. F.; Kim, J.; Goldburg, S. R.; Matasar, M. J.; Moskowitz, C. S.; Gupta, D.; Steingart, R.; Weinsaft, J. W.
Article Title: Prognostic utility of differential tissue characterization of cardiac neoplasm and thrombus via late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance among patients with advanced systemic cancer
Abstract: Background: Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE-) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is well-validated for cardiac mass (CMASS) tissue characterization to differentiate neoplasm (CNEO) from thrombus (CTHR): Prognostic implications of CMASS subtypes among systemic cancer patients are unknown. Methods: CMASS + patients and controls (CMASS -) matched for cancer diagnosis and stage underwent a standardized CMR protocol, including LGE-CMR (IR-GRE) for tissue characterization and balanced steady state free precession cine-CMR (SSFP) for cardiac structure/function. CMASS subtypes (CNEO, CTHR) were respectively defined by presence or absence of enhancement on LGE-CMR; lesions were quantified for tissue properties (contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR); signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and size. Clinical follow-up was performed to evaluate prognosis in relation to CMASS etiology. Results: The study population comprised 126 patients with systemic neoplasms referred for CMR, of whom 50% (n = 63) had CMASS + (CNEO = 32%, CTHR = 18%). Cancer etiology differed between CNEO (sarcoma = 20%, lung = 18%) and CTHR (lymphoma = 30%, GI = 26%); cardiac function (left ventricular ejection fraction: 63 ± 9 vs. 62 ± 10%; p = 0.51 right ventricular ejection fraction: 53 ± 9 vs. 54 ± 8%; p = 0.47) and geometric indices were similar (all p = NS). LGE-CMR tissue properties assessed by CNR (13.1 ± 13.0 vs. 1.6 ± 1.0; p < 0.001) and SNR (29.7 ± 20.4 vs. 15.0 ± 11.4, p = 0.003) were higher for CNEO, consistent with visually-assigned diagnostic categories. CTHR were more likely to localize to the right atrium (78% vs. 25%, p < 0.001); nearly all (17/18) were associated with central catheters. Lesion size (17.3 ± 23.8 vs. 2.0 ± 1.5 cm2; p < 0.001) was greater with CNEO vs. CTHR, as was systemic disease burden (cancer-involved organs: 3.6 ± 2.0 vs. 2.3 ± 2.1; p = 0.02). Mortality during a median follow-up of 2.5 years was markedly higher among patients with CNEO compared to those with CTHR (HR = 3.13 [CI 1.54-6.39], p = 0.002); prognosis was similar when patients were stratified by lesion size assessed via area (HR = 0.99 per cm2 [CI 0.98-1.01], p = 0.40) or maximal diameter (HR = 0.98 per cm [CI 0.91-1.06], p = 0.61). CTHR conferred similar mortality risk compared to cancer-matched controls without cardiac involvement (p = 0.64) whereas mortality associated with CNEO was slightly higher albeit non-significant (p = 0.12). Conclusions: Among a broad cancer cohort with cardiac masses, CNEO defined by LGE-CMR tissue characterization conferred markedly poorer prognosis than CTHR, whereas anatomic assessment via cine-CMR did not stratify mortality risk. Both CNEO and CTHR are associated with similar prognosis compared to CMASS - controls matched for cancer type and disease extent. © 2017 The Author(s).
Keywords: cardio-oncology; cardiac metastases; cardiac mass; cardiac thrombus
Journal Title: Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Volume: 19
ISSN: 1097-6647
Publisher: Biomed Central Ltd  
Date Published: 2017-10-12
Start Page: 76
Language: English
DOI: 10.1186/s12968-017-0390-2
PROVIDER: scopus
PMCID: PMC5639740
PUBMED: 29025425
DOI/URL:
Notes: Article -- Export Date: 2 November 2017 -- Source: Scopus
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MSK Authors
  1. Yuliya Lakhman
    96 Lakhman
  2. Richard M Steingart
    174 Steingart
  3. Chaya S. Moskowitz
    279 Moskowitz
  4. Matthew J Matasar
    290 Matasar
  5. Dipti Gupta
    55 Gupta
  6. Shawn Clinton Pun
    9 Pun
  7. Angel T Chan
    22 Chan