Prostatic specific antigen for Prostate Cancer detection Journal Article


Authors: Nogueira, L.; Corradi, R.; Eastham, J. A.
Article Title: Prostatic specific antigen for Prostate Cancer detection
Abstract: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been used for prostate cancer detection since 1994. PSA testing has revolutionized our ability to diagnose, treat, and follow-up patients. In the last two decades, PSA screening has led to a substantial increase in the incidence of prostate cancer (PC). This increased detection caused the incidence of advanced-stage disease to decrease at a dramatic rate, and most newly diagnosed PC today are localized tumors with a high probability of cure. PSA screening is associated with a 75% reduction in the proportion of men who now present with metastatic disease and a 32.5% reduction in the age-adjusted prostate cancer mortality rate through 2003. Although PSA is not a perfect marker, PSA testing has limited specificity for prostate cancer detection, and its appropriate clinical application remains a topic of debate. Due to its widespread use and increased over-detection, the result has been the occurrence of over-treatment of indolent cancers. Accordingly, several variations as regards PSA measurement have emerged as useful adjuncts for prostate cancer screening. These procedures take into consideration additional factors, such as the proportion of different PSA isoforms (free PSA, complexed PSA, pro-PSA and B PSA), the prostate volume (PSA density), and the rate of change in PSA levels over time (PSA velocity or PSA doubling time). The history and evidence underlying each of these parameters are reviewed in the following article.
Keywords: biopsy; prostate cancer; prostate-specific antigen; diagnosis
Journal Title: International Brazilian Journal of Urology
Volume: 35
Issue: 5
ISSN: 1677-5538
Publisher: Sociedade Brasileira de Urologia  
Date Published: 2009-09-01
Start Page: 521
End Page: 529
Language: English
DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382009000500003
PROVIDER: scopus
PUBMED: 19860930
DOI/URL:
Notes: --- - "Cited By (since 1996): 2" - "Export Date: 30 November 2010" - "CODEN: IBJUA" - "Source: Scopus"
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  1. James Eastham
    538 Eastham